activity 4 locating an earthquake epicenter answer key

%%EOF [N'. travel time for P waves. HtA1D41`s(GME$Ke*YdEOYf2-:r. First locate and mark the three seismic stations on the world map provided below. 9 - Analyze and interpret data on natural hazards to forecast future catastrophic events and inform the development of technologies to mitigate their effects. Accessed December 11, 2013. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moment_magnitude_scale, Novak, Gary. 13. Earthquakes Living Lab: Finding Epicenters & Measuring Magnitudes. Where the 3 circles intersect is the approximate location to the epicenter of the earthquake. This worksheet focuses on using the p and s graph to find different variables. When an earthquake strikes, P waves arrive at a seismograph rst and S waves next. The time Use this information to complete the following. 1) Identify the general term for waves released from an earthquake. Using the real-world data in the living lab enables students and teachers to practice analyzing data to solve problems and answer questions, in much the same way that scientists and engineers do every day. PDF. epicenter of an earthquake, how Locating Earthquake Epicenter Lab - Triangulation sheet for students and/or teachers to use (Slide 6), and answer key (Slide 7). Students learn about the types of seismic waves produced by earthquakes and how they move through the Earth. Richter magnitude scale: An earthquake measurement scale created in the 1930s to assign a single number to quantify the energy released during earthquakes. 0000053998 00000 n The USGS and its partners monitor and report earthquakes, assess earthquake impacts and hazards, and . Scientists and engineers around the globe gather data through observation and experimentation and use it to describe and understand how the world works. (Grades 9 - 12). MS-ESS3-2. So next, students compute the magnitude of this same earthquake by looking at the three simplified seismograms again, but this time selecting each's maximum S wave amplitude (height). The process is called triangulation. Upload a document. If the lag time were measured at a location closer to the epicenter, how would it compare Nov 2, 2020 Triangulation is used to determine the location of an earthquake. What is the time lag for the Seattle, Washington, seismic station? Thanks for your feedback! 12 Earthquake Location Lab Answer Key (PDF) - skislah.edu Web12-earthquake-location-lab-answer-key 1/1 Downloaded from skislah.edu.my on February 15, 2023 by guest 12 Earthquake Location Lab Answer Key Right here, we have countless ebook 12 Earthquake Location Lab Answer Key and collections to check out. Though the distance to the epicenter can be determined using a travel-time graph, the direction cannot be told. P wave: The first seismic wave of an earthquake. 3000 miles. During an earthquake, seismic waves are sent all over the globe. Notify the classroom teacher of technology needs (overhead projector). All the arcs should intersect at a common point - the epicenter. View Notes - Locating_an_epicenter_activity from SCIENCE Earth Scie at Toms River High North. Three seismographs are needed. n{6c&6NK*U;=9i%nF Great-circle arcs are drawn on the globe using the distance of the earthquake to the station as a radius. Show students some of the numerous online animations comparing the movements of P and S waves. *The NGSS logo is a registered trademark of WestEd. In Figure 13.9, there is an example seismogram from a station that includes a minor earthquake. A circle is drawn from each of the three different seismograph locations, where the radius of each circle is equal to the distance from that station to the epicenter. Zip. Every year, earthquakes cause death and destruction worldwide. The distance to the earthquake epicenter is then determined using the "Earthquake P-Wave and S-Wave Travel Time" graph. Was there an initial quake followed by smaller quakes? Short for "secondary wave" or "shear wave." Locating the epicenter of an earthquake worksheet answer key, locating the epicenter of an earthquake worksheet pdf, chapter 7 lab 1 locating epicenters answer key, how many seismographs are needed to locate the epicenter of an earthquake. HTn0"H@w=s(vxk8OM1px-{$_!o5|CS7RPr#V(0CUa%ZkuT9t};D Jj=.9,z!#@n5YCu>R88tfFRX=iRK Material is sheared side to side, perpendicular to the direction of wave propagation. consider a seismograph stationed 3, THREE SEISMOGRAMS Seismogram A - New York, NY 1 minute 1. Answer the following questions in the spaces provided. $8.25. What are those limits? graph. Accessed December 11, 2013. http://earthquake.usgs.gov/aboutus/docs/020204mag_policy.php. Through the online Earthquakes Living Lab, student pairs explore various types of seismic waves and the differences between shear waves and compressional waves. 1. 0000002507 00000 n You will receive your score and answers at the end. minutes? 4. fault - a fracture in Earth's crust where the rocks on either side have moved. How can you locate an earthquake's epicenter? Tips: Make sure students are reading the S waves and not the P waves. HTn0MmcHCB The epicenter of an earthquake can be found using the difference between the arrival of the Primary and Secondary waves. The wavelength and frequency of a wave are related to one another by the speed of travel of the wave, which depends on the type of wave and the medium through which it is passing. The lag time for any Use mathematical representations to support a claim regarding relationships among the frequency, wavelength, and speed of waves traveling in various media. What data is used to determine magnitude? Do limits exist on what science can predict? 0000002383 00000 n earthquakes. You can also download it, export it or print it out. We have answers to the most popular questions from our customers. Type text, add images, blackout confidential details, add comments, highlights and more. Subject Areas: atrial depolarization. Another method of locating an earthquake is to use the P-wave arrival-time minus origin-time (P - O) interval instead of distance. between arrival of P and S waves is called Last updated November 26, 2013. 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These natural disasters may be mitigated, however, by insightful and creative engineering. Run through the investigation yourself and record the data, just to see how long it takes. 0000002250 00000 n 0000001408 00000 n Thanks for your feedback! xb``d``Id`a`Ab@_ :iWGi>|q` Answer Key: Lab 5 Earthquakes - Find People EARTHQUAKES: Epicenter Determination and Seismic Waves . to the lag time measured at this location? Alignment agreement: Record your answer from Lab Exercise #2, Step 1. time for any point that is 3,000 miles Students learn what causes earthquakes, how we measure and locate them, and their effects and consequences. The magnitude determination is based on seismic data. P and Swaves are body waves and travel, through the interior of the earth. surface wave? (Grades Introduction: Before student pairs look at the Earthquakes Living Lab, direct them to complete the Engage section of the Finding Epicenters and Measuring Magnitudes Worksheet, which asks them to apply any prior knowledge and/or speculate as to what the Richter magnitude scale is and what an epicenter is. 17 Station St., Ste 3 Brookline, MA 02445. P wave. DocHub v5.1.1 Released! 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El trmino tambin puede hacer referencia al ttulo o nombre de alguien a quien se di, Practica II - De Psicologian membrete es aquello que se ubica en el sector superior de una pgina, mencionando el ttulo o el nombre de un individuo, una empresa, etc. The USGS Earthquake Hazards Program is part of the National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program (NEHRP), established by Congress in 1977, and the USGS Advanced National Seismic System (ANSS) was established by Congress as a NEHRP facility. The answer is the San Andreas Fault. (5 minutes) Discuss how gathering information on epicenters can be applied. www.teachengineering.org/activities/view/csm_findingepicenters_activity1, Search curriculum by Common Core standards, http://www.teachengineering.org/livinglabs/earthquakes/, Click to view other curriculum aligned to this Performance Expectation, Finding Epicenters and Measuring Magnitudes Worksheet, Finding Epicenters and Measuring Magnitudes (docx), Finding Epicenters and Measuring Magnitudes (pdf), Finding Epicenters and Measuring Magnitudes Example Answers (docx), Finding Epicenters and Measuring Magnitudes Example Answers (pdf), Earthquakes Living Lab: FAQs about P Waves, S Waves and More, Seismic Waves: How Earthquakes Move Through the Earth, Earthquakes Living Lab: Designing for Disaster, http://www.teachengineering.org/livinglabs/index.php, https://www.newpathonline.com/api_player/enus_54_6304/LXX/index.html. technology, engineering or math (STEM) educational standards. triangulation: A method to determine exactly where an earthquake originates. (Source: USGS, Wikipedia). farther from the epicenter of an earthquake? Sixty-seven people lost their lives, and property damage was estimated at $6 billion. earthquake though). Locating an Epicenter Activity - Arkansas Geological Survey When seismic data is collected from at least three different locations, it can be used to determine the epicenter by where it intersects. velocity, amplitude, and frequency of the The point beneath Earth's surface where rock breaks under stress and causes an earthquake. 0000007783 00000 n Triangulation and Magnitude: Student pairs complete the worksheet, which includes following a tutorial/simulation accessed through the Earthquakes Living Lab. Learn more How Can I Locate the Earthquake Epicenter? Fill Locating The Epicenter Of An Earthquake Worksheet Answers, Edit online. inch = 500 km. 0000001675 00000 n follow our easy steps to get your lab activity locating epicenters answer key well prepared rapidly choose the template in the library enter all necessary information in the required llable areas the hbb2b`b``a I @ endstream endobj 62 0 obj <>/Metadata 55 0 R/Pages 51 0 R/StructTreeRoot 57 0 R/Type/Catalog/ViewerPreferences<>>> endobj 63 0 obj <>/Font<>>>/Fields[]>> endobj 64 0 obj <>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text]>>/Rotate 0/TrimBox[0.0 0.0 612.0 792.0]/Type/Page>> endobj 65 0 obj <> endobj 66 0 obj <> endobj 67 0 obj <> endobj 68 0 obj <>stream Student exploration Graphing Skills SE Key Gizmos Explore Learning. 0000001893 00000 n Divide the class into student pairs, and have them assemble at their computers with journals/paper and writing instruments. 61 33 Click for facts and worksheets in PDF! locate and label the epicenter of the earthquake on this map. We additionally manage to pay for . 15 Bill Nye - Earthquakes Worksheet Key Earthquakes occur when the big pieces of earth's crust, called plates, move a little. How far do S waves travel in 5 This section explains what earthquakes and faults are and what causes earthquakes. earthquake - shaking and vibration of Earth's surface. Some places are more prone to earthquakes than others. The point where your ruler crosses the middle line on the chart marks the magnitude (strength) of the earthquake. 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Do you agree with this alignment? 0000055643 00000 n Explains how to find an earthquake epicenter using at least three seismograph stations. 0000002544 00000 n https://people.wou.edu/~taylors/gs104/lab5key.pdf Locating Earthquake Epicenters | CK-12 Foundation Apr 8, 2020 . ' endstream endobj 69 0 obj <> endobj 70 0 obj [85 0 R] endobj 71 0 obj <> endobj 72 0 obj <> endobj 73 0 obj <>stream Moment magnitude scale. 0000103591 00000 n Figure 13.10). So the difference in the P- and S-wave arrival times determines the distance between the epicenter and a seismometer. Since the 1970s, the use of the Richter magnitude scale has largely been replaced in the scientific community by the moment magnitude scale (MMS). Finding the Epicenter. Video Guide / Worksheets and Quizzes for Quizzes and Answer Sheet __ 2. Accessibility StatementFor more information contact us atinfo@libretexts.orgor check out our status page at https://status.libretexts.org. While earthquake locations are normally done with a computer that can quickly determine the paths of seismic waves through the Earth to many seismic stations, 15 Introduction to Geology Chapter Worksheet . minutes = 6 minutes. 0000001746 00000 n How does distance from the epicenter affect the S-P time interval? This investigation is considered generally safe to do with students. For purposes of this activity, the least complicated and probably most accurate approach is to just use the term "magnitude," without needing to say "on the Richter scale" or "on the moment magnitude scale." 0000030240 00000 n However, please review it for the specific setting, materials, students, and conventional safety precautions. different types of seismic waves. 61 0 obj <> endobj xref endstream endobj 84 0 obj <> endobj 85 0 obj <> endobj 86 0 obj <>stream 0000001862 00000 n Y$Kr;V6[;Dq vg~cx:A[^jCssupwD endstream endobj 80 0 obj <> endobj 81 0 obj <>stream To locate the epicenter of the earthquake, seismologists use the . Ask students what fault they think caused this earthquake. Step 1: ans- d) 65 seconds Ste . For this activity, select the "Chile" box. First, determine the P-wave arrival, and read down to the bottom of the seismogram to note at what time (usually marked in seconds) that the P-wave arrived. BDF endstream endobj 74 0 obj <>stream The uses of technologies and any limitations on their use are driven by individual or societal needs, desires, and values; by the findings of scientific research; and by differences in such factors as climate, natural resources, and economic conditions. For lower grades, just introduce the concepts of triangulation and the magnitude scale; a thorough understanding of P and S waves is not vital. Shear wave from earthquake, moving slower than primary waves, through solid material only. Activity: Locating an Earthquake Epicenter Lecture 3 Damage from the earthquake was widespread, but the actual location of the earthquake (the epicenter) For example, the western United States has earthquakes more frequently and on a larger scale than the eastern part of the country. 0000002840 00000 n Explain the difference between S and P waves, and how their time interval is used to determine the epicenter location. Continue the discussion with the following questions (or assign these questions as homework): Have student groups explore one or more of the other two regions (Southern California and Japan) provided in the Virtual Earthquake simulation. Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. If you complete all the problems, you should be able to: Identify P, S, and surface waves on a simple seismogram. An earthquake is the violent movement of tectonic plates in the Earth's crust. by. 2. 0000004224 00000 n Assess their understanding based on the thoroughness of their answers. 0000004060 00000 n Section A - Operator Information 1. 0000005081 00000 n (Figure 3):. Seismic Waves. As you may know, people have look numerous times for . Section 8.1 What Is an Earthquake? Once three seismographs have been located, find the time interval between the arrival of the P-wave . Conclude the activity with a class discussion (and perhaps homework questions) to share ideas and answers, as described in the Assessment section. Draw your signature, type it, upload its image, or use your mobile device as a signature pad. If your seismograph station is 0000006011 00000 n Review their answers to assess their base knowledge of the subject matter. Activity 4: Locating an Earthquake Epicenter, The three basic types of seismic wave generated by an earthquake at its focus are P, waves, Swaves, and Surface waves. 11 minutes elapsed between the first P wave and the last measurable surface wave. Subjects: Earth Sciences, General Science Grades: 5th - 8th Types: Activities, Laboratory Do you agree with this alignment? Place a ruler (or straight edge) on the chart between the points you marked for the distance to the epicenter and the amplitude. The Earthquakes Living Lab gives students the chance to track earthquakes across the planet and examine where, why and how they are occurring. a project of D2L (www.achievementstandards.org). A seismograph is securely mounted onto the surface of the earth so that when the earth shakes, the entire unit shakes with it EXCEPT for the mass on the spring, which has inertia and remains in the same place. How are S and P waves used to determine how far away epicenters are? Students learn about factors that engineers take into consideration when designing buildings for earthquake-prone regions. trailer <<0444DE89825047A1A483C62E98F50868>]>> startxref 0 %%EOF 114 0 obj <>stream In this activity, students use an online simulationVirtual Earthquakethat is accessible through the Earthquakes Living Lab interface, to locate the epicenter of an earthquake by making simple measurement on three seismograms, recordings of an earthquake's seismic waves detected by instruments (seismographs) far away from the earthquake. American Geosciences Institute. Students learn how engineers build shake tables that simulate the ground motions of the Earth caused by seismic waves in order to test the seismic performance of buildings. (i. ?t?s=Yt '_( endstream endobj 76 0 obj <>stream While no one can predict earthquakes, knowing the intensities, frequencies and locations of past earthquakes and fault planes helps us to better anticipate the locations and forces to expect, so we can do our best to prepare our communities and infrastructure to withstand them safely. The living lab presents earthquake information through a focus on four active seismic areas and historic earthquakes in those areas. 1,000 miles from the epicenter of an earthquake? 9 - Triangulation to Locate an Earthquake By Earthquake Hazards Original Thumbnail Medium Detailed Description Triangulation can be used to locate an earthquake. A circle is drawn from each of the three different seismograph locations, where the radius of each circle is equal to the distance from that station to the epicenter. (from left to right). Click on New Document and select the file importing option: upload Locating the epicenter of an earthquake worksheet answer key from your device, the cloud, or a protected link. (Source: USGS, Wikipedia). 0000001396 00000 n Make changes to the sample. Considered best for measuring small earthquakes (3.5 M or less). If a quake is far from the seismograph, the P-waves arrive long before the S-waves. distance from transducer to the focal point. Direct student pairs to independently complete the tutorial/simulation to find an epicenter location via the triangulation method and compute the earthquake magnitude: The simulation directs students to look at three simplified seismograms from seismic stations in Chile (Talca, Santiago, Osorno) and select the correct measurements of the S-P intervals. We also acknowledge previous National Science Foundation support under grant numbers 1246120, 1525057, and 1413739. Pwaves have the greatest velocity and reach theseismic station first. There are two sets of data and maps to do this activity/ lab for than once. 0000078169 00000 n from the epicenter will be 14 8. It takes S waves 14. ACTIVITY 4.2B Locating an Earthquake Figure 4.5 shows seismograms for the same earthquake recorded at three locations - New York, Nome, Alaska, and Mexico City. The travel-time graph Engineers first determine where earthquakes are likely to occur, and how severe they are likely to be. It travels faster than the same earthquake's S wave (almost double the speed) and is similar to sound waves. : an American History (Eric Foner), Principles of Environmental Science (William P. Cunningham; Mary Ann Cunningham), Forecasting, Time Series, and Regression (Richard T. O'Connell; Anne B. Koehler), Chemistry: The Central Science (Theodore E. Brown; H. Eugene H LeMay; Bruce E. Bursten; Catherine Murphy; Patrick Woodward), Biological Science (Freeman Scott; Quillin Kim; Allison Lizabeth), Campbell Biology (Jane B. Reece; Lisa A. Urry; Michael L. Cain; Steven A. Wasserman; Peter V. Minorsky), How many minutes elapsed between the arrival of the first P wave and. It is called triangulation because a triangle has three sides, and it takes three seismographs to locate an earthquake. 0000000956 00000 n Take a few minutes to read the information on the left side of this page for the 2010 earthquake off the coast of central Chile. The distance is in kilometers. (Grades miles from the epicenter of an Point on Earth's surface directly above an earthquake's focus. hWmo9+[+UH EkNB|6YiaVJ=cRh7{T1R,5LI1$K=s)XR&87@&$LTPLutlcyNuzjf--\?qaXZM&HM.Eg"HnTqSWqN0&~2kf0 Md|d&:zhe)7I? Empirical evidence is required to differentiate between cause and correlation and make claims about specific causes and effects. The calculated distance from each seismometer to the earthquake is shown as a circle. 0000007097 00000 n Most of these earthquakes are small tremors that cant be felt by people, but occasionally an earthquake occurs on a large magnitude that causes millions of dollars in property damage and kills hundreds to thousands of people. 9 - Do you think we will someday be able to prevent earthquakes? %PDF-1.5 % Practice with Triangulation: Locating an earthquake epicenter. The real-world earthquake data is viewable via a graphical interface using a scaling map. 0000001143 00000 n Then from the same recordings they determine the earthquake's magnitude, an estimate of the amount of energy released during the earthquake. The simulation renders three circles on a map and directs students to find the epicenter. 0000010002 00000 n 13 4 locating an earthquake epicenter geosciences libretexts . S-P interval: The time interval between the arrivals of P and S waves. Locating An Earthquake Epicenter Lab Answers Thank you for reading Locating An Earthquake Epicenter Lab Answers . (, Have any of you ever experienced an earthquake or know anyone who has? Find 23 millimeters on the right side of the chart and mark that point. Also called seismometer. Why might the triangulation method not always produce an exact point (other than your measurement errors)? approximate period of the surface waves in seconds? approximate period of the surface waves in seconds? Geology Labs On-Line, Department of Geological Sciences, California State University, Los Angeles, CA. =Cv :~4yrXP 62{_,*Uq/O-oUNBr-$y~:G},#3e^CS6U*_zVGY7ZNUWk2f?? {%!,"{u5E&OOqA_"/uxn-kx+Vz*EQb)Q Graphs, charts, and images can be used to identify patterns in data. As the drum rotated, the Note the differences in A little under 30 seconds, maybe around 26 seconds. Resources. %PDF-1.4 % Many updates and improvements! Key Facts & Information. Please answer the following questions using the earthquake video shake, shake, shake. determine the epicenter using the S P (S minus P) method. Finding the epicenter of an Earthquake by Ah - Ha Lessons 5.0 (1) $3.00 PDF Activity This lesson teaches the student the process scientists use to locate the epicenter of an EQ.

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