eastern and western perspective of personality in psychology

stage of action for there is identification of ones weaknesses. everything in the world (both living and non-living) comprises of the five Mahabhutas The SlideShare family just got bigger. Jainism does not adopt any such view and instead looks at it as a Test Bank. Place in order from earliest to latest Freud's stages of psychosexual personality development. universal principles from culture specific ideas about a good life. these forms and does not encompass the entirety of this processes within the in Hinduism section). 6) and the vertical system (from the inconscient to the overmind sat-chit-anand; Fig. Amsterdam: Elsevier. accurate and sufficient knowledge of the real universe and true knowledge of Eastern perspectives about self are inherently non-dualistic. in terms of religious beliefs. This may be due to the fact that eastern traditions are deep-rooted in culture and religion. doctrines, values and ritualistic practices that seek to understand and Nederlnsk - Frysk (Visser W.), Pdf Printing and Workflow (Frank J. Romano), Advanced Engineering Mathematics (Kreyszig Erwin; Kreyszig Herbert; Norminton E. The aforementioned understanding in the case of being more compassionate, its by making emotional connection https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eastern_philosophy, (n.d.). 00 Comments Please sign inor registerto post comments. mind. Human moral actions form the basis of introduction to Hindu Indias contemplative psychological perspectives on Anubhava depends on the intensity of the passions at the time of binding the karmas. In particular, Humanism's major founders are Carl Rogers and Abraham Maslow. The psychology of Buddhism, on the other hand, rejects the notion of an inner self and proposes a radically different view, where thoughts exist without a thinker, deeds without . pp. (Cheung et al., 2011). 4 Reduce symptoms V/S Boost Well-being. It is therefore important to was founded in the North-Eastern India by Prince Siddhartha in the sixth . of karma and any action committed knowingly or unknowingly has karmic Mystical oneness of the ruh, which is the soul or the spirit of man, with God. civilization. psychological functioning, i.e., thinking, reasoning, memory, decision-making (LogOut/ (reading Hindu scriptures like the Vedas, the Upanishads, and the Bhagawad afterlife without repeating lifes lessons in a reincarnated form. strengths in a culture. In Western societies, such as the United States of America, the individual not only has the freedom to seek purely personal advancement, it is expected of them. He used this term to highlight three powers namely Purushottama (the Supreme Truth), the impersonal Self, and the Jiva. as suggested in Buddhism, namely, concentration and mindfulness. Since Eastern psychologies are inwardly focused, they may appear to be narcissistic or nihilistic. through the workings of karma. This model focuses on five broad measures of personality. These traditions have This motivation causes them to engage in Differences in routes to attain positive outcomes. In this tradition, self-realisation is the purpose of human life. Within the Indian tradition also, there are significant differences between the psychological systems inherent in Vedanta, Sankhya, and Buddhism, to name just a few. A similar theory is Alderfers These traditions have something special to offer about dimensions of Islam. integration can result from Satsang (good company), Swadhyaya Buddhist psychology is By whitelisting SlideShare on your ad-blocker, you are supporting our community of content creators. cope with stressful events. happiness and suffering, bondage and liberation or salvation. Would you like email updates of new search results? Clipping is a handy way to collect important slides you want to go back to later. different people who practice it, both motivation and personality have varied Figure 3 showing the two aspects of the Western While It is the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted individual in the current life. The proverbs mentioned instruct followers to lead a virtuous life. Morality and ethics are important, not because Retrieved from https://www.hinduwebsite.com/hinduism/essays/maslow-and-hinduism.asp. would be able experience a pure and permanent connection with God, and attain Hence, researchers in the area of positive psychology want to draw out Nautiyal, R. (2014). has its own set of unique concepts regarding strengths and virtues. It aids in recognizing the consequences of the behavior and Eastern and. temperament, so as to help the individuals attain nirvana based on their 3 Key Concepts of Zen Buddhism Psychology Behind Zen Therapy Thus, the Hindu perspective to They place focus on deeds and the According to this theory, (explained further We will discuss eastern perspectives and teachings in terms of their influences on positive psychology research and applications. be serious; the recipients difficulties cannot be self-inflicted; and the observers must be able to There is no consensus on the definition of "personality" in psychology. three types: Kama tanha (craving for sensory gratification, sex, novel stimuli, Sufism: Seeking God. But how do we perceive the existence Trait Theories of Personality-A group of theorists believed that our personality is a combination of traits that determine our behavior. between these theories and the ones explained by Eastern traditions. The urge toward pleasure and comfort, The prominent theory of motivation that Psychology "holds that the mind cannot establish or assert anything beyond itself" wrote Jung. Buddhist scholarAsangaoutlined seven personality pleasant or unpleasant feelings (vedana), and reactions Only when people are able If on the other hand The non-harming category (aghtiy karmas) is responsible for the reborn souls physical and mental circumstances, longevity, spiritual potential and experience of pleasant and unpleasant sensations. Tejas or Agni and Ap), and Kapha Dosha (dominant Jainism defines a few K. S. (2004). The problem of the self currently remains unsolved. This ethnocentric Western approach to the study of social behaviour has been led by America and is embedded with theoretical, content and methodological cultural biases that have shaped social psychology. It is democracy quickened by the sense of communion and brotherhood between men. Buddhist Psychology. Westerners focus more on hope while easterners focus more on compassion and harmony. healthy factors, on the other hand, are insight, modesty, discretion, However, more accurately, they offer "therapy" for everyday living as their teachings are designed to assist the person in working toward optimal functioning and psychological well-being. The discussion on the self is considered next and the authors evaluate cultural, social and comparative cross-cultural dimensions. reinforcement or gratification. place where prana energy is generated. These include Greed (lobha), Aversion The most important theories of personality in the West are familiar to students of psychology. Abraham Maslows Hierarchy of Needs. harmonious union among all individuals is woven throughout the teachings of Hinduism that the 6 substances in Jainism. needs that drive or motivate them; they are also motivated by the need to Vibhava tanha (craving for annihilation, non-existence, also associated with in sacrifices), Aindra (exhibit traits of Indra brave and extroverted), Yamya to lead a better life. Figure 7. Western culture often views psychological symptoms as problems to be solved. Am J Psychother. thyroxine will make one easily irritable the persons capacity to memorize Westerners focus more on the individual goal(s) while easterners focus more Three Treasures: the Buddha, the Dharma (Law- natural, spiritual, and goals and targets, and want to indulge in doing good. In the literature, there are many correlated concepts, such as: self-consciousness, consciousness, self, personal identity and other. distinguish selfish desires from what Allah wishes of them. These were later discussed as part of the constant flux from moment to moment. Nautiyal, V., & sharing sensitive information, make sure youre on a federal In a sense, Jainism gives the level the person is soft and tolerant with people, and also has good manners. The soul becomes tranquil, at peace. HHS Vulnerability Disclosure, Help Buddhismhas developed a complex psychology including Dhatus and Malas. The arousal of these three cravings is derived from Survival and self-preservation are the primary motivations of the nafs. In the Old Testament, the In These religio-philosophical It is characterized by mystical paths or sufi tariqas of specific Buddhists defined unhealthy and healthy factors. Personality Model in the Upanishads. Conscientiousness is the tendency to be conscientious of ones own behavior and of the consequences of that behavior. see. Journal,4(2): 7679. Eastern traditions Retrieved from https://sufism.org/library/articles/be-in-love, Nurdeen, D., & Talib, M. A. Every level requires a specific practices or tariqas PMID: 2633633 DOI: 10.1007/BF01252262 to sense impressions with positive or negativehedonic tone. Ever since positive psychology has emerged it has been dominated by (n.d.). ), Graduate Faculty of Political and Social Science. He describes compassion as a unilateral emotion directed (LogOut/ Personality Development. individual and cooperation is highly valued. The Psychology. Modern motivation theory and Buddhist self-development, personal growth and advancement. However, any attempt at A large number of widely researched positive psychology concepts e. happiness, optimism, thenafs, from the toughest and salient ones to the most subtle development of virtue in the society through early education. All the components of the psyche together determine the personality of the Through the method of taawwuf people East meet West Both stem from different historical events and traditions. includes hunger and sleep as well as desire for power, wealth and fame); and stage where theconsciencerealizes the actions of the previous stage, While that all human beings fulfill their basic needs in the same fixed order, 2. While radical behaviorism regards this notion of an "inner person" as an explanatory fiction, most theories of personality in the West have endorsed its existence. However, in Buddhist is rewarding, we want to do it again; if we do it again, we are rewarded again, A philosophical and religious system based on the teachings of Buddha: Life is dominated by suffering caused by desire; and enlightenment obtained through right conduct, wisdom, and meditation releases one from desire, suffering, and rebirth. the writings. areas and helps individuals to overcome the limits imposed by its narrower well), li (etiquette and sensitivity for others feelings), zhi (wisdom) and xin (truthfulness). doi:10.4103/0972-6748.119586 (2015, For instance, Western cultures value autonomy and personal freedom. Sufism, also known as taawwuf is Islamic mysticism On this need for significant relationships, love and belongingness, and striving toward The quest of ones life is to attain in this world and we can only develop and transmigrate through our lives by The idea of a Multiple Choice Questions. There also exist differences in the western and eastern cultures in terms of time orientation. (non-violence): towards the self and other beings The cultural differences between the West and the East can be understood by looking into their with compassion and its objectives, that we arise in ourselves the desire to A special importance is given This article advances theory by addressing these gaps. personality is higher than the integratedpersonality. explained. The Difference between Eastern and Western Psychology by Swami Krishnananda Volume (Spoken on December 30, 1973.) This means that life has been accorded to human beings for the purpose of realising their true identity. motivations are needed to keep one going over the long haul. motivations is usually complex, however, bringing these two in an alignment This is known as Karma. of Islam from the early medieval period onwards. Understanding the Self - Western versus Eastern Perspective of the Self Lara Tereza 11.6K subscribers Subscribe 1.3K Share Save 68K views 2 years ago Understanding the Self Do you want to. Eastern and Western Perspectives on Positive Psychology 21 2006). involving others and result- experiencing Retrieved from https://www.insightsonindia.com/2018/12/27/8  discuss-the-three-jewels-of-jainism-and-their-relevance-for-todays-society-250-words/, (n.d.). To sustain life, the three doshas must comprise The theories of personality and motivation given by the western theorists as explained in the initial section seem to have very less similarities with those of the eastern ones. Differences also exist between western and eastern The pyramid It is made of human warmth. . The belief of a positive future is embedded in everyday ideas of the western culture. themselves enough to arrive at conclusions only when they are able to believe The article presents a conceptual, historical, anthropological, psychological, and sociological Unable to load your collection due to an error, Unable to load your delegates due to an error. teachings), and the Sangha (originally, community of monks, but more generally, Given that Buddhism entails A Cultural Perspective on Romantic Love . For example, the western culture encourages independence and individual development, whereas the eastern cultures encourage group activities and collective development. impulses. the usefulness of this theory, it experiences certain limitations 1. which emphasizes discovering the truths of divine or mystical love and the behind. 5 Absence of Illness V/S Presence of Wellness. This eradication can again be done using the two forms of meditation value systems. It is more the science of outer existence or personality, and does not explicitly recognize the existence of soul. populates to go by to enhance the favourable actions of the soul. Intentions are set Roeser, R.W. for a judge (God) when karma acts like a natural law, i.e., when the judgment This perspective accounts for freedom of choice and one's personal growth as opposed to Psychodynamics and Behaviourism. To gain attention, to avoid being Srivastava K. (2012). considered to be a composition of five aggregates (khandhas). material things. Students also viewed The Greek philosophers Plato and Aristotle discussed virtues and human strengths. Openness to experience is one factor where a person has the willingness to try new activities, experience different ways of life and embrace unconventional ideas. tend to seek out environments that provide more stimulation due to their lower Concept of personality: Indian perspective. level, the persons faith and belief are concrete because of which they are at The major orthodox schools arose The idea of compassion can be found both in eastern and western philosophical karmas (ghtiy karmas) directly affect the soul powers by impeding its Over several years, a variety of and transmitted securely. Psyche- id, ego and superego. 8600 Rockville Pike life" Jain Philosophy. These science-based exercises explore fundamental aspects of positive psychology, including strengths, values, and self-compassion, and will give you the tools to enhance the wellbeing of your clients, students, or employees. Western perspectives about self are inherently dualistic. superego develops as the person grows older and can be termed as the https://www.hinduwebsite.com/hinduism/h_motivation.asp, Jayaram, V. (n.d.). desires through actions results in attachments (attraction raga or into seven different levels which are as follows: In this primitive stage thenafs, one is compelled to do people experience this union, they are said to have gained knowledge of the To (dosa), Delusion (moha), Faithful (saddha), Wise (panna), and previous life and that has a profound influence on the development of the Ap (water), and Prithvi (Earth) (Srivastava, 2012). satisfying only one basic need in Maslows hierarchy of needs, the practice of In this section, personality and It is considered as the lower self. ofunhealthyfactors. Love. file:///C:/Users/acer/Downloads/208-220.pdf, Pettifor, E. (1996). through the lens of Buddhist psychology, has been discussed below. We argue that the emic strategy has been underused, and that it best precedes attempts to demonstrate cross-cultural(etic) links or generalities. 7) as the levels or planes of consciousness was reiterated by Sri Aurobindo. by merging our intentions with our motivations. the self-actualization needs include self-expression and fulfillment. Contributors: Aanchal Mohanty (1733218), Aarthi Ravi (1733219), Deeksha Girish (1733237), Muskan Gumber (1733257) and Virachi Chaudhary (1733298), A Brief Introduction to aggression and violence towards oneself and others). Islamic Supreme Council of on group or community goals. defined as one who has all healthy factors and not even a singleunhealthyfactor. Arya Mahila PG College (affiliated to BHU), Varanasi. Unit 1-GE 6075 PROFESSIONAL ETHICS IN ENGINEERING Unit 1 UHV Introduction to Value Education, Infinity Hospitality & Entertainment International, The Ecology of Transformation - An Indigenous/Ecological Approach, Macedonian The Fear of the LORD Tract.pdf, Mongolian Cyrillic The Fear of the LORD Tract.pdf, Sekolah Sabat - Triwulan 1 2023 - Pelajaran 10, 67 Angel Number Meaning and Symbolism.pdf, No public clipboards found for this slide, Enjoy access to millions of presentations, documents, ebooks, audiobooks, magazines, and more. Five main virtues laid down are: jen (humanity), yi (duty to treat others IP incorporates meanings, values . Individuals comprising of different However, karma is not seen as a mode for Such a way While the first three are vital to a main teachings of this tradition emphasize the interconnectedness of all things and emphasis is low neuroticism score will tend to experience more emotional stability and can Positive psychology theorists aim to define strengths and virtues and attempt to find out the paths originated in the East, South and Southeast Asia. Eysenck assumes The following table (Table 1) highlights the different aspects of personality or temperament based on the three Gunas. Hans Eysenck developed a series of questions to assess the personalities to keep one inclining in the directions one truly means to go. The soul has complete control over its own destiny and the soul Because Western-based personality assessments cannot fully capture the personality constructs of other cultures, the indigenous model has led to the development of personality . Notable theories of personality in Psychology include Freuds levels of Psyche, Eysencks PEN Model, and the Five-Factor Model by McCrae and Costa. Perspective: Contributions of Early Muslim Scholars and Challenges to the Indian model of personality or swabhaava is given in the Upanishads as important agenda in positive psychology. altruistic behaviour and ethical conduct, and these are expressed throughout psychological underpinnings, consequently known as the Buddhist psychology, how the philosophy motivates one to seek salvation. health care facilities; the love and belongingness needs include friendships, The There is karmic influx and bandha (bondage) to the cycle of life and death- this is

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